Ribosome in cell #001

Thousands of obstacles stood in the way. And the most important thing was the size of the studied particles - they were measured in millionths of a millimeter! Is it conceivable to take up the study of an object so small that a light beam bypasses it without noticing! Biochemists have learned to crush the cell, leaving its delicate devices intact. They know how to blow up a tick cage, so that most of its "details" are preserved. When Professor Rich's laboratory became interested in the mysterious particles, they had already been called "ribosomes" and had even been studied chemically. It was known that they had a very important task — to create the longest chains of protein molecules from amino acids. And not just any, but absolutely certain ones. And that the ribosome gets its task just like our electronic computer — on a long ribbon, or rather, a thread. This thread is a copy of a small piece of genetic encryption. It consists of a compound very similar to deoxyribonucleic acid — ribonucleic acid and is called informational ribonucleic acid. In Rich's lab, they noticed a strange incongruity: the thread with the task turned out to be many times longer than the "machine" she was driving. For an electronic computer, this could be allowed - its punched tape is wound on a coil after reading. And in the ribosome? Here it was excluded — nature knows neither wheels, nor axles, and even more so coils. Maybe the thread with the information is folded or curled into a spiral? But then how does the ribosome work? It's amazing how well-established, familiar ideas (often wrong!) they own the mind and make you look for a way out where there can't be one. And the truth at this time wanders around and asks for hands. So it was this time. For some reason, it was believed that the thread should be placed in the ribosome entirely and the information from it is read immediately. After all, they read the sequence of operations, not the outlines of the whole detail, not all the equations, not all the music. But the brilliant guess did not enlighten anyone, and I had to go the hard way. Dr. Rich was one of the first to find the right way. Not that he was inspired, but he just managed to take a fresh look at some things. In Rich's laboratory, they learned to very carefully "open" cells without resorting to such a harsh operation as rubbing. The gruel from the destroyed cells was placed in centrifuge tubes.


These test tubes had a "secret" — the sugar solution filling them at the bottom was more concentrated. Why did Dr. Rich need such a solution? Isn't it possible to precipitate ribosomes in the usual way? It is possible, but in this case all the particles would immediately settle to the bottom of the tube. And he wanted to check one guess. To do this, it was necessary to know whether all the particles synthesizing protein molecules are the same in size. And then the trick with the tricky test tube helped. Gravity in the frantically rotating rotor of the centrifuge pushed particles through a solution of increasing density. The thousandfold acceleration, dragging the particle to the bottom, became powerless somewhere, and it "hung" in the solution. At what depth, it depended on its magnitude. Enjoy a thrilling gaming experience with free no deposit bonus not on Gamstop casinos. Play a variety of games without limitations and potentially win big.